Understanding why you are developing hyperpigmentation is often the first step in treating the discoloration. June 2012;5(2):93-103. doi:10.4103/0974-2077.99436. Keloid scar - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic A controlled trial to determine the efficacy of red and near-infrared light treatment in patient satisfaction, reduction of fine lines, wrinkles, skin roughness, and intradermal collagen density increase. Pregnancy-induced melasma tends to fade postpartum, and treatment should be postponed to allow natural fading. They are available in prescription-strength formulations, as well as in a variety of OTC skin care products. Its exact etiology is unknown. Sunspots, pimple marks, melasma patches: In its every iteration, hyperpigmentation can be as inescapable as the forces that fuel it namely, the sun, heat, and your own hormones. Most people who seek treatment for hyperpigmentation do it for aesthetic or cosmetic purposes, not as a medical treatment. How to fade dark spots in skin of color. This may also work well for raised brown spots. It is possible that such modalities in combination with standard treatment regimens may provide additional benefit.25. Irregular, darkly pigmented macules/patches, Pigmented, well-defined macules; light brown, brown, or gray, Face (centrofacial 63%, malar 21%, mandibular 16%) or forearms, Pregnancy, oral contraceptives, phenytoin (Dilantin), idiopathic, 1- to 3-cm well-circumscribed macules; light yellow to dark brown, variegated, Face, hands, forearms, chest, back, shins, 1- to 2-mm sharply defined macules, red or tan to light brown, Childhood onset after sun exposure in susceptible individuals (skin types I or II), Fades in winter months so treatment may be unnecessary; cryotherapy, hydroquinone, azelaic acid, chemical peels, laser therapy, 1- to 20-cm tan to brown macules, epidermal, present at birth or early childhood, Most commonly trunk but may appear anywhere, Increased melanin in melanocytes/basal keratinocytes, Hypopigmented macules and patches; sharply defined; 5 to 50 mm; coalescent, Face, hands, forearms, neck, genitalia, body folds, periorificial; lip-tip pattern, High-potency topical corticosteroids (class II and III), topical calcineurin inhibitors, narrowband ultraviolet B, psoralen and ultraviolet A, systemic corticosteroids, Hypopigmented, irregular patches; fine scale; itchy, Possible association with atopic dermatitis aggravated by sunlight exposure, Sunscreen, topical corticosteroids, tacrolimus (Protopic) ointment, Hypopigmented or pink plaques; may be hyperpigmented; fine scale, Neck, chest, back, abdomen, proximal extremities, Topical antifungals, topical adapalene (Differin) gel, Loss of pigment (variable), macules, patches, Tinea versicolor, atopic dermatitis, pityriasis alba, psoriasis, guttate parapsoriasis, dermabrasion, chemical peels, intralesional corticosteroid use, Treatment of underlying condition when applicable, White; very fair; red or blond hair; blue eyes; freckles, White; fair; red or blond hair; blue, hazel, or green eyes, Cream white; fair with any eye or hair color; very common, Brown; typical Mediterranean/Caucasian skin. However, a person who is interested in purchasing a hyperpigmentation product should consider various factors before committing to a purchase. Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. It can also lessen the likelihood of dermatitis that may be caused by other agents. Diagnosis & treatment Doctors & departments Print Overview Tinea versicolor Tinea versicolor is a common fungal infection of the skin. Many face acids are available OTC at beauty stores and drugstores. 2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK. The formulation of this serum may suit those with dry, normal, oily, or combination skin types, and a person can apply three to five drops to their face twice per day. We'll explore the many things you can do to. To get rid of some dark spots or patches, you may need a prescription-strength treatment. Your dermatologist can help you determine whether this treatment is right for you. Dermal melasma appears grayish in color and is nonenhancing. Mercury poisoning linked to skin products. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. Some skin diseases and conditions result in generalised or localised hyperpigmentation (increased skin colour, hypermelanosis), hypopigmentation (reduced skin colour, hypomelanosis ), or depigmentation (absent skin colour, leukoderma ). Exposure to the sun . This content is owned by the AAFP. https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/acne-scars.html, Chemical peels. Hyperpigmentation occurs when the skin produces excess melanin natural pigmentation found mostly in the skin. Hyperpigmentation. In one study, triple combination therapy used with cryotherapy enhanced resolution of solar lentigines and was well tolerated.11 Retinoids such as tazarotene (0.1% cream), tretinoin (0.025% to 0.05%), and adapalene gel (Differin, 0.1% or 0.3%) may reduce hyperpigmentation, but evidence is limited.1 Adapalene 0.1% gel has been approved for over-the-counter sale by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Hyperpigmentation is a common condition that makes some areas of the skin darker than others. How to Manage and Treat Eczema Pigmentation - WebMD Hyperpigmentation can be complicated to treat with lasers, however, so it's important to speak with your healthcare provider about whether this treatment is a good option for you. While dermabrasion is sometimes used to smooth out wrinkles, the procedure has been historically used to address texture concerns. Due to their strength, in-office peels may also increase your risk for side effects. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Learn more about how to choose the best, A person may experience better results from a night cream, as the skin may be more permeable when they sleep. New skin grows back more evenly toned and smoother than before. Class III corticosteroids and narrowband ultraviolet B are the most effective and safest treatments for localized and generalized vitiligo, respectively. In this article, you'll learn which factors can cause hyperpigmentation, the steps you can take to help lighten hyperpigmented areas of your skin, and how to prevent skin discoloration in the first place. In some cases, hyperpigmentation can be cured or may even fade on its own in time. How to fade dark spots in darker skin tones - American Academy of Hyperpigmentation on Black Skin: Causes and Best Treatments Risk of ochronosis (blotchy hyperpigmentation) with typical hydroquinone formulations (2% to 4%) is rare. Hyperpigmentation from Acne: 10 Treatments, OTC Products, and More 2014;7(8):13-17. Hypopigmentation results from a reduction of melanocytes or an inability of the melanocytes to produce melanin or properly transport melanosomes. It may also help reduce the appearance of wrinkles, spider veins, and enlarged pores. The best treatments are those that offer a low risk of inflammation such as skin lightening creams, retinoids, and light glycolic and . Sarkar R, Bansal S, Garg VK. Seeing spots? Treating hyperpigmentation - Mayo Clinic Health System Retinols are a specific type of retinoid that can help even out skin tone, texture, and pigmentation. Other hypopigmentation disorders may improve or resolve with treatment of the underlying condition. The differential diagnosis includes ephelides, caf au lait macules, pigmented actinic keratoses, and lentigo maligna. (2022). Hydroquinone. Rachael is a freelance healthcare writer and critical care nurse based near Cleveland, Ohio. Quality of life is often negatively affected. The diagnosis is often clinical, with confirmation by microscopy using potassium hydroxide preparation. If you have scars or albinism, there's no treatment available. Patience is key with any treatment option. This article discusses hyperpigmentation in more detail and some products that work to minimize dark areas on the skin. Standard treatments include topical selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, and antifungals (e.g., onazole). Below are several options a person can consider. American Society for Dermatologic Surgery (ASDS), Dr. Cynthia Cobb, DNP, APRN, WHNP-BC, MEP-C, fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/alpha-hydroxy-acids, aad.org/public/cosmetic/younger-looking/chemical-peels-overview, plasticsurgery.org/cosmetic-procedures/dermabrasion/candidates, fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-works-protect-consumers-potentially-harmful-otc-skin-lightening-products, asds.net/skin-experts/skin-treatments/laser-light-therapy, plasticsurgery.org/cosmetic-procedures/laser-skin-resurfacing, aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/melasma-treatment#overview, fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/mercury-poisoning-linked-skin-products, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3560165/, How to Manage Hyperpigmentation in the Summer, What Causes a Melasma Mustache and How to Treat It, What Causes Discoloration Around the Mouth, and How to Treat It, How to Safely Get a Tan in the Sun Faster, laser treatments, but only when used at lower intensities over a larger number of sessions. Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation and Acne - Verywell Health For some people, non-ablative versions may cause the skin to darken instead of lighten. Some procedures, such as laser resurfacing, can be used to treat both skin concerns. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Epidermal melasma tends to be light brown, enhancing under Wood Lamp examination. Fair skin responds well to most hyperpigmentation procedures. Various products are suitable for people with hyperpigmentation. Brief cryotherapy (less than five seconds) with repeated treatments is preferred over more intense one-time treatment. According to the. Hydroquinone is a bleaching agent that gets rid of dark spots while also slowing down the release of melanin. Sunscreens are universally recommended to prevent worsening of melasma from further sun exposure. Concealers (e.g., Dermablend, Cover-mark), topical dyes, and sunless self-tanning products (best on skin types II and III) may reduce skin pigment disparity. You may need multiple sessions to achieve your ideal result. Small keloids might be reduced or removed by freezing them with liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy). Topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment, applied twice per day, is considered a safe and effective alternative. Retinoids are available via prescription and OTC remedies. Some possible causes of hyperpigmentation include: Treating the underlying condition that has caused your hyperpigmentation is the first step in reducing the appearance of dark spots. Appointments 216.444.5725. In this article, find out about different causes of. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/10980-understanding-the-ingredients-in-skin-care-products, Vivant Skin Care 8% Mandelic Acid 3-in-1 Serum. Talk with your healthcare provider about what is causing your skin discoloration and how you can best benefit from treatment. Complications of medium depth and deep chemical peels. A variety of topical treatments are available to lighten/bleach hyperpigmented lesions in epidermal . Lightening creams are over-the-counter (OTC) treatments that work with select ingredients to help decrease pigmentation. Sunspots, sometimes called liver spots, are very common. Known for its anti-inflammatory benefits, azelaic acid may be a good option if youre dealing with both active acne and related hyperpigmentation. The pros and cons a person can consider may include: This SkinCeuticals product claims to help brighten the skin by correcting difficult to treat dark spots. Acne-related hyperpigmentation occurs when dark patches develop after a blemish has healed. If you dont adequately apply sunscreen and use other UV protection, the sun may worsen your hyperpigmentation. Chemical peels cause your skin to be more sensitive to the suns rays. They may also be less likely to cause inadvertent darkening. Mixed types of melasma are dark brown with variable enhancement. Vitiligo, pityriasis alba, tinea versicolor, and postinflammatory effect are common causes of pigment loss. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. When it appears on the upper lip, it's referred to as a, Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. They also tend to work better for fairer skin. Hyperpigmentation on Black Skin - Healthline Most cases are due to an increase in melanin production and deposition. Ablative lasers may work better for people with fair skin. https://familydoctor.org/condition/melasma/, http://www.skincancer.org/prevention/are-you-at-risk/fitzpatrick-skin-quiz. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Heres our process. Medical treatment Summary You may be able to treat hyperpigmentation with home remedies and by protecting your skin from the sun. Sun protection is recommended in vitiligo. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. There are a variety of over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription-strength products that can lighten the skin, although experts caution to steer clear of using liquid bleach in any form to lighten your skin. Online retailers make it easy to access beauty and skin care products that you wouldnt otherwise be able to access. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-commercial reference. Certain skin pigmentation disorders are more common in particular skin phenotypes (e.g., solar lentigines or ephelides in lighter skin [types I to III], melasma in darker skin [types IV to VI]).1 Skin types can be classified using online tools, such as the one at http://www.skincancer.org/prevention/are-you-at-risk/fitzpatrick-skin-quiz. 2023 Healthline Media LLC. IPL is used for overall pigmentation issues, but flat spots especially respond to this treatment. 7 Ways to Get Rid of Hyperpigmentation | Everyday Health Inflammation, in turn, can send. Tinea versicolor, atopic dermatitis, pityriasis alba, psoriasis, and guttate parapsoriasis may affect pigment production or transport. Unlike daily skin care products or creams, a chemical peel is applied as individual treatment and should not be used daily. According to the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery (ASDS), IPL works best for people with fair skin. You may also want to address any other underlying conditions that could be contributing to hyperpigmentation or you may not get results from your chosen therapy. You may be more likely to develop hypopigmentation if you have dark skin. You may need weekly treatments to see results, and it tends to work best on fair skin. Although you can try at-home treatments using fruit-based preparations, you will usually notice more significant results faster with OTC or prescription products that use the same types of ingredients in much more concentrated doses. Treatment of vitiligo depends on the distribution and extent of skin involvement, and includes topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, ultraviolet A therapy (with or without psoralens), narrowband ultraviolet B therapy, and cosmetic coverage. Retinol vs. Retinoid vs. Retin-A: What's the Difference? Multiple light and laser modalities are also effective, but they are more likely to cause postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and usually require dermatologic referral.1 Figures 5a and 5b show solar lentigines before and after laser treatment. Certain chronic or acute medical problems like Addison's disease or hormone changes can cause hyperpigmentation as a symptom, but the discoloration that is created isn't a problem in itself. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation | DermNet Most people who try to treat these areas do it for aesthetic, not medical, reasons. If you're uncomfortable with the dark areas on your skin caused by hyperpigmentation, you're not alone. (2015). The fungus interferes with the normal pigmentation of the skin, resulting in small, discolored patches. Last medically reviewed on March 7, 2019. Pigmentation disorders of the skin are commonly encountered in primary care practice. Take our skin type quiz and learn how to build the best routine for healthy skin. There are many reasons your skin changes color or tone. https://www.asds.net/Acne-Scars/, Alpha hydroxy acids. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Nonsegmental vitiligo is typically bilateral or scattered symmetrically and evolves over time. Shah M, Crane JS. Niacinamide is an ingredient made from niacin (vitamin B-3). Topical antifungal agents and topical adapalene (Differin) gel are effective treatments for tinea versicolor. Once diagnosed, treatment seeks to decrease the production of pigment and remove areas of excess pigmentation that already have appeared. Combination therapy tends to be more effective at repigmentation than monotherapy, although recurrence is common (up to 40%), as is treatment failure.14 Improvement in quality of life, as measured by standardized questionnaires (e.g., Dermatology Quality of Life Index), does not consistently correlate with repigmentation success.14. Skin injuries and certain skin care products can also cause hyperpigmentation. Handling hyperpigmentation. The tool is then swiped across your skin to rapidly but gently remove the epidermis. Scarring occurs when theres either an excessive amount of tissue leftover from a blemish (hypertrophic), or if theres a depressed area in the skin from a lack of tissues (atrophic). Hyperpigmentation develops when your skin produces too much melanin, the substance that gives your skin its color. Salicylic acid, dimethicone, and titanium dioxide are commonly found in a variety of skincare products and have several uses. https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/cosmetic-treatments/chemical-peels#overview, Hydroquinone studies under the National Toxicology Program (NTP). However, some newer at-home products have been released that aim to reproduce these effects, such as red light therapy, which helps even skin tone and reduce inflammation. Do they pose any danger to your health? That's why Goldfaden MD's Body Surge Moisturizer ($65) has become a regular in my . Hyperpigmentation on dark skin will appear darker than the surrounding skin, small or large, depending on the cause. While niacinamide may be useful if you have both wrinkles and hyperpigmentation, it likely wont treat the latter concern on its own. Chemical peels, light therapy, and laser therapy had mixed results. However, further hyperpigmentation as a result of the procedure can occur with all skin types. Common ingredients found in OTC lightening products include: Lightening creams or gels work best for flat spots, such as melasma or age spots. Adverse events included irritation of skin and postprocedure hyperpigmentation, which was more common in darker skin types.710. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/azelaic-acid-topical-route/description/drg-20062084, Mayo Clinic Staff. The company recommends using SkinCeuticals vitamin C and a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 50 or higher after applying this serum in the morning. It typically takes about three months to see results. The company claims it plumps the skin to help reduce fine lines and wrinkles and reverses dehydration that develops from pollutants. This article discusses clinical features of each condition, updated and novel treatments, and current evidence supporting their use. However, using the right treatment can help speed up the healing process. Mange is commonly seen in animals, but humans can develop this skin condition as well. (2018). J Cutan Aesthet Surg. bug bites burns cuts psoriasis and other skin conditions a reaction to skin care products Even everyday skin care practices can contribute to the development of dark spots. They can use the serum in the morning and evening after cleansing the skin. If you have extremely dark spots, then you may need to get a professional peel from your dermatologist that can also target the dermis (middle layer). A Black Dermatologist Explains How To Clear Up Those Stubborn Dark Dark spots on the skin are not a cause for concern. Those who are aged 60 years and over have also noted its effectiveness at correcting sun spots on the hands and forearms. Face acids, or skin acids, work by exfoliating, or shedding, the top layer of your skin. Vitamin C is considered safe for all skin tones. There is a wide variety of chemical peel preparations, and you should see a professional aesthetician or talk to your dermatologist about the best choice for treating your hyperpigmentation. About 10% to 30% of the general population has an isolated caf au lait macule.13 They are asymptomatic and do not require treatment. You cant buy a laser peel. Freezing the scar. Occasionally, it may be hyperpigmented. It also works well for people with fairer skin. American Osteopathic College of Dermatology.
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